WIND ENERGY-MULTITRADING-MANGANESE-CHROME-IRON ORE

BITUMEN

CALTECH ENRGY works as a part of genuine supplier of Bitumen from Iran, Egypt and Saudi Arabia with penetration grades 30/40; 40/50; 60/70; 85/100; 100/120; 85/25 (Blown); 90/15 (Blown); MC-250 (Cutback) in Poly Bags, New Steel Drums, Used Steel Drums and in Bulk. We are in a strong position to supply any large quantity, in a shortest time with competitive market prices.

Types of Bitumen
30/40
40/50
60/70
85/100
100/120
85/25 (Blown)
90/15 (Blown)
MC-250 (Cutback)

PACKING

1. Bulk Shipment

2. Poly Bags containing 30 Kg net +/- 2

3. New steel drums:

Diameter :
50 cm +/- 1
Height : 90 cm +/- 5
Thickness : 0.6 to 0.7 mm
Net Weight : 170 Kg +/- 5
Gross Weight : 180 Kg +/- 5
4. Used Drums:

Diameter : 60 cm +/- 2
Height : 85 cm +/- 3
Thickness : 1 mm
Net Weight : 200 Kg +/- 5
Gross Weight : 220 Kg +/- 5

SPECIFICATION OF BITUMEN

Sr. No.	Characteristics	80/100	60/70	30/40	10/20
1	Specific Gravity at 27 0C min	0.98	0.99	0.99	1.00-1.05
2	Water percent by wt.max	0.2	0.2	0.2	-
3	Flash point, 0C	175	175	175	225
4	Softening point 0C	35-50	40-55	50-65	65-80
5	Penetration at 25 0C, 100 g 5 sec in 1/100 cm	80-100	60-70	30-40	10-20
6	Ductility at 27 0C, in cm. min	75	75	50	2.5
7	Loss on heating, percentage by wt.Max	1	1	1	0.10
8	Penetration of residue	60	60	60	-
9	Percent by wt. soluble in carbon disulphide, min

ETYMOLOGY
The Romans called it gwitu-men (pertaining to pitch) or pixtu-men (bubbling pitch), converted, after the barbarian invasions to bitumen. The word passed into French, and then, after the Norman conquest of England in 1066, into English, where it was used interchangeably with tar for over a thousand years (though tar derives from coal, and bitumen from petroleum).

The earliest recorded use of something like bitumen was by the Sumerians, who ruled from the ancient city of Ur on the Euphrates river (near present-day Kuwait). There is evidence, too, that Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar used it for waterproofing and even as grouting for stone roads. In 1595 Sir Walter Raleigh discovered a thick viscous lake in the jungles of Trinidad. This was to be the largest natural deposit of bitumen ever found and was used until the mid 1970s.

In the late nineteenth century, however, bitumen began to be used for the major industrial uses common today, and with those began synthetic production.

DEFINITION
A non-crystalline solid or viscous material having adhesive properties derived from petroleum either by natural or refinery processes, and substantially soluble in carbon disulphide. Bitumen are black or brown in colour. This may occur naturally but are usually made as end products from distillation of, or extracts from, selected petroleum oils.

NOMENCLATURE
Bitumen and asphalt are both generic terms. In USA, the word asphalt is used as synonymous with bitumen- the refinery product which has now largely replaced the natural asphalts that occur in Trinidad, Venezuela, Cuba etc. Outside USA however, the word asphalt is generally taken to mean a mixture of refinery bitumen with a substantial proportion of solid mineral matter. Frequently used in road constructions are cutbacks, in which bitumen is mixed with a solvent such as Kerosene or gas oil which evaporates after the material is laid, and bitumen emulsions i.e. emulsions of bitumen with water.

Bitumen is always applied hot, cutbacks are applied either hot or cold and emulsion is always applied cold. When the emulsion breaks the water evaporates leaving bitumen.

END USE
The uses of bitumen are numerous. The chief one in most countries is for road construction. It is also used for surfacing airfield runways and taxi tracks, hydraulic applications such as canal lining, river bank protection, dam construction and sea defenses. There are also numerous industrial applications like roofing felt manufacture, printing inks, electrical cable / Junction boxes, mastic for roofing of terraces, duplex paper manufacture etc.

SIGNIFICANCE OF PROPERTIES
Asphaltic bitumen is valued for a variety of properties. It is water proof, ductile, adhesive, chemically inert and resistant to atmospheric exposure and the effects of dilute acids and alkalis. Obtained from the residues of naphthenic crude oils after distillation of the volatile products, it is marketed in a wide range of grades, ranging from soft to hard.

PENETRATION
The test determines the hardness of Bitumen by measuring the depth ( in tenths of a mm) to which a standard, and loaded needle will vertically penetrate in 5 seconds, a sample of Bitumen maintained at a temperature of 25 deg C ( 77deg F). Hence the softer the bitumen, the greater will be its number of penetration units.

SOFTENING POINT
This test is carried out by the Ring and Ball method, which consists of suspending a brass ring containing the test sample of Bitumen in water at a given temperature. A steel ball is placed upon the bituminous material, the water is then heated at the rate of 5 deg C increase per minute. The temperature at which the softened bituminous material first touches a metal plate at a specified distance below the ring is recorded as the Softening point of the sample.

FLASH POINT
In the interest of safety, legislation has been introduced in most countries fixing minimum flash point limits to prevent the inclusion of highly inflammable volatile fractions in kerosene distillates. According to Controller of Explosives classification it falls in the category of Class B Petroleum Products. Its flash point (Abel) is stipulated as Min. 35 deg C in the IS specification.

SPECIFIC GRAVITY
As with colour, specific gravity has no relation to burning quality, but it is a useful aid for quantity reckoning and identity.

[CALTECH ENERGY Group of Companies neither encourages nor solicits companies or individuals to use data therein in contractual arrangements]